Molecular and Cellular Biology Researchers
Overview
Molecular and Cellular Biology Researchers investigate how cells work at the tiniest levels, focusing on DNA, RNA, proteins, and organelles to understand health, disease, and how living things grow. They design and run complex lab experiments—such as DNA sequencing, cloning, RNA purification, gel electrophoresis, and cell sorting using tools like thermocyclers and fluorescence-activated cell sorters—then analyze the data and adjust their experiments to get clearer answers. Many also lead research teams, manage budgets and lab resources, write grant proposals for funding, and help turn discoveries into real-world products like improved medical tests, new medicines, better crops, or microbes that can help recycle waste.

Did you know?
A PhD is typically required for research positions, and academic jobs are highly competitive with limited tenure-track opportunities available.
At a Glance
Growth
Stable
Top Skill
Installation
Key Responsibilities
- Prepare or review reports, manuscripts, or meeting presentations.
- Evaluate new supplies and equipment to ensure operability in specific laboratory settings.
- Confer with vendors to evaluate new equipment or reagents or to discuss the customization of product lines to meet user requirements.
- Design databases, such as mutagenesis libraries.
- Participate in all levels of bioproduct development, including proposing new products, performing market analyses, designing and performing experiments, and collaborating with operations and quality control teams during product launches.
- Write grant applications to obtain funding.
- Develop guidelines for procedures such as the management of viruses.
- Monitor or operate specialized equipment, such as gas chromatographs and high pressure liquid chromatographs, electrophoresis units, thermocyclers, fluorescence activated cell sorters, and phosphorimagers.
- Maintain accurate laboratory records and data.
- Verify all financial, physical, and human resources assigned to research or development projects are used as planned.
- Coordinate molecular or cellular research activities with scientists specializing in other fields.
- Perform laboratory procedures following protocols including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing, cloning and extraction, ribonucleic acid (RNA) purification, or gel electrophoresis.
- Provide scientific direction for project teams regarding the evaluation or handling of devices, drugs, or cells for in vitro and in vivo disease models.
- Compile and analyze molecular or cellular experimental data and adjust experimental designs as necessary.
- Evaluate new technologies to enhance or complement current research.
- Direct, coordinate, organize, or prioritize biological laboratory activities.
- Conduct applied research aimed at improvements in areas such as disease testing, crop quality, pharmaceuticals, and the harnessing of microbes to recycle waste.
- Supervise technical personnel and postdoctoral research fellows.
- Conduct research on cell organization and function, including mechanisms of gene expression, cellular bioinformatics, cell signaling, or cell differentiation.
- Design molecular or cellular laboratory experiments, oversee their execution, and interpret results.
- Develop assays that monitor cell characteristics.
- Instruct undergraduate and graduate students within the areas of cellular or molecular biology.
Career Considerations
Advanced Education and Academic Competition
A PhD is typically required for research positions, and academic jobs are highly competitive with limited tenure-track opportunities available.
Research Funding Challenges
Success depends heavily on securing competitive federal grants from agencies like NIH and NSF, which have low acceptance rates and require significant time investment.
Industry Career Diversification
The growing biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors in the US offer alternative career paths beyond traditional academic research positions.